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INPUT AND OUTPUT, INPUT DEVICES, A hardware device used to submit Information

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vanessa

2021-9-26 published at Travel/ Places/ Nature category

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1.CHAPTER 6: INPUT AND OUTPUT
2.6.1 INPUT DEVICES A hardware device used to submit Information, Instructions and data into a computer. An input device allows users to communicate with the computer. In order for a computer to begin the processing of ones data, the user will need some form of input methology to get the data to process over to the machine. This device of chose will be based upon the form of data you are expect to receive such as audio, video, text and graphical just to name a few.
3.EXAPMLES Keyboard Mouse Track-Pad Joy stick Touch Screen
4.6.2 POINTING DEVICES A computer mouse is a pointing device (hand control) that detects motion relative to a surface. This motion is typically translated into the motion of a pointer on a display, which allows a smooth control of the graphical user interface. The computer Mouse is a pointing devices and input device. This is used to control the movement of the pointer/curser which is located on the screen. The standard mouse will be manufactured with two or three buttons. The bottoms are located on the Right, left and Middle. Each Buttons are used to perform different functions.
5.TYPES OF MOUSE Mechanical Mouse Contains a rubber or metal ball inside it. The movement of the cursor depends on the movement of the ball. This mouse is normally used on mouse pad. Mouse pad is a- small flat pad made of rubber or foam to provide easy movement for the mouse. It protects the mouse from dust and dirt. The Mechanical mouse has been replaced by the optical mouse.
6.TYPES OF MOUSE Optical Mouse Contains zero moving parts such as the ball located inside of the Mechanical Mouse. It uses light and a small optical sensor to detect the motion of the. Optical mouse may use a light sensor or laser technology.
7.TYPES OF MOUSE Wireless Mouse Wireless or cordless mouse is a type of mouse that does not require a wire to work. It transmits data using wireless technology like radio waves such as Bluetooth or infrared light waves. Batteries may be need for the power. The receiver is connected to the computer through a USB port. This will be a plug-in n play devices most operating system will recognized the driver.
8.TYPES OF MOUSE Track Ball Track Ball is another form input/pointing device like a mouse. It is used in on mobile devices such as the old blackberry’s, Notebook computers and as a stand-alone component to control motion of the pointer on screen. It is a pointing device like upside down mouse. It has a ball on its upper side. This ball is moved by fingers or thumb and the pointer moves accordingly on screen. Trackballs have a huge advantage over a mouse wherein the body of the trackball remains stationary on your desk, the user do not need much room to navigate the trackball.
9.TYPES OF MOUSE Joy Stick Another input device, all game controllers that are connected to a computer are considered a pointing devices. The Nintendo Wii control can be can be considered as a pointer device, it is used to control motion of an object quickly in game with the help of a hand held remote control. For a stand controller such as what is displayed in the above image the stick portion is mounted on a ball. When stick is moved then ball is moved and signals are sent to the computer.
10.TYPES OF MOUSE Track Pad It is used in laptop computers to control the motion of pointer on screen. Trackpad is a stationary input device. It has a flat surface of 1.5–2 square inches. The user can navigate the computer using the fingers. Most laptop computers today have a touchpad pointing device.
11.TYPES OF MOUSE Track Point is also known as the pointing stick, is a small rubber projection embedded between the keys of the keyboard. Some notebook computers such as the IBM ThinkPad will incorporate a pointing stick. The pointing stick acts like a little joystick that can be used to control the position of the on-screen cursor.
12.TYPES OF MOUSE Touchscreen The user can make choices and press button images on the screen. In ATM and in the latest smart phones, touchscreen is used to receive input from the user. The user enters data by the touch of his or her finger on different menu options or icons present on touchscreen.
13.TYPES OF MOUSE Microphone An input device used to enter sounds into the computer. It can be attached to a computer to record sound (usually through a sound card or circuitry built into the motherboard). The sound is digitized and turned into numbers that represent the original analog sound waves, which then stored in the computer so as to process and playback it later.
14.SCANNER A scanner is a device that captures the image of any printed page or graphic by digitizing it, producing an image made of tiny pixels of different brightness and color values and then can be stored electronically or as a digital file on the computer hard drive or an external storage device. There are three types of character and mark recognition devices. This technology is used by scanners that are able to recognize special characters, marks, and drawings.
15.RECOGNITION TYPES OCR-(optical character recognition)—OCR is a special preprinted set of characters that can be read by light source and changed into machine-readable form. It is typically used in departmental stores to read retail price tags by reflecting light. OMR(optical mark recognition)—An OMR device senses the presence or absence of marks such as pencil marks and drawings. This is very useful to calculate or store multiple-choice tests. MICR(magnetic ink character recognition)—MICR technology is used by banks worldwide to read numbers written on checks and money orders. A special-purpose machine reads characters made of ink containing magnetized particles.
16.6.3 TYPES OF SCANNERS Flatbed A type of scanner or copier that uses a flat, glass surface for scanning documents or other things. Consisting of a light source, a lens, and a light sensor translating optical impulses into electrical ones. Most flatbed scanners have an adjustable lid that can be raised to allow magazines, books, and other thick objects to be scanned.
17.SHEET-FED SCANNER A sheet-fed scanner works like a fax machine mechanism. In a sheet-fed scanner, pages are entered into scanner like a fax machine.
18.HANDHELD SCANNER Handheld scanner is a small, lightweight, and portable scanner. It is used to scan small amount of data such as short articles from newspapers. It is held in hand and is moved over the text page or image slowly and smoothly from start to end. Its scan quality may be lower than flatbed or sheet-fed scanner; however, it can be used to capture small amounts of text or small images, quickly. A mobile device such as cell phone provides one with the capability of a handheld scanner.
19.6.4 DIGITAL CAMERA A digital camera is one of the latest and most used input devices. It stores the pictures and video it takes in electronic format instead of film. The process of how it stores data is considered digital. The newer digital cameras allow the user to take still snapshots and record videos. Filters are trendy software tools that allow one to modify the images recorded.
20.WEB CAMERA Typically called “webcam” is a digital camera that is connected to a computer. It can send live pictures from it once it is connected to a network such as the Internet. There are various types of web cameras; some are plugged into computers through USB ports, but others are wireless (Wi-Fi).
21.6.5 OUTPUT Output is any data that has been processed into something that is useful or meaningful. It can be displayed in many forms such as text, graphics, audio, and video. Text output is the most complex.
22.TYPES OF DISPLAY DEVICES CRT monitor cathode ray tube that uses an electron beam of varying strength to “paint” a picture onto the color phosphorescent dots on the inside of the screen. CRT monitors are heavy and use more electrical power than flat panel displays, but they are preferred by some graphic artists for their accurate color rendition, and used to be preferred by some gamers for faster response to rapidly changing graphics.
23.TYPES OF DISPLAY DEVICES The screen size of all display devices is measured diagonally across the screen, in inches. Not all of the screen area may be usable for image display, so the viewable area is also specified. The resolution of the monitor is the maximum number of pixels it can display horizontally and vertically (such as 800 × 600, 1024 × 768, or 1600 × 1200). Most monitors can display several resolutions less than its maximum setting.
24.TYPES OF DISPLAY DEVICES Pixels (short form for picture elements) are the small dots that make the image displayed on the screen. The spacing of the screen’s tiny phosphor dots is called the dot pitch (DP). A screen with a smaller dot pitch produces sharper images.
25.TYPES OF DISPLAY DEVICES Your computer must produce a video signal in order in order to facilitate a monitor to display information to you. This is handled by circuitry on the motherboard, and the video card is attached to the motherboard. There is a dedicated slot located on the motherboard reserved for video cards or you may also have an AGP slot (accelerated graphics port). Video cards are also called video display adapters, and graphics cards.
26.TYPES OF DISPLAY DEVICES In today’s society, the large old-fashioned TVs (CRT or projection) is obsolete. Nowadays, most of the display devices have high-definition or ultra-high-definition display. The TV industry is already pushing for ultra HD or 4K display, and this is the next level after full HD. Today’s TV industry supports two HD formats; often referred to as 720p (1280 × 720 pixels) and 1080p (1920 × 1080 pixels, full HD)
27.TYPES OF DISPLAY DEVICES Here is an overview of the typical resolution classes for content. Standard definition—SD: DVDs, standard TV channels. High definition—HD 720p: Most HD TV channels, some streaming services. Ultra-high definition—Full HD 1080p: Blu-ray, some streaming services.
28.TYPES OF DISPLAY DEVICES
29.6.6 DIFFERENT FORMS OF HIGH DEFINITION DISPLAY Plasma A plasma display panel is a type of flat panel display common to large TV displays—30 inches or larger. It is called "plasma" display because the technology utilizes small cells containing electrically charged ionized gases, or what are in essence chambers more commonly known as fluorescent lamps.
30.FLAT PANEL MONITOR (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY)
31.LED A flat panel display, and is a video display. An LED panel is a small display, or a component of a larger display. LED displays are typically used outdoors in store signs and billboards, and in recent years, they have also become commonly used in destination signs on public transport vehicles or even as part of transparent glass area
32.OLED An OLED (organic light-emitting diode) is an LED in which the emissive electroluminescent layer is a film of organic compound that emits light in response to an electric current. OLEDs are used to create digital displays in devices such as TV screens, computer monitors, portable systems such as mobile phones, handheld games consoles, and PDAs.
33.FUNCTIONS OF A 3D TV There are several different ways of making a 3D TV using basic principle. The TV makers have to produce two separate moving images and send one of them to the viewer's left eye and the other to the right. This concept will portray the proper illusion of 3D. The simplest way of achieving this is to display two different images on the TV screen (one for the left eye and the other for the right) and make viewers wear special glasses so each eye sees only one of them.
34.6.7 CATEGORIES OF PINTERS Printers allow you to receive a physical copy (printed), which is considered output. There are two print orientations, which are landscape and portrait. These printers form the image on the page by spraying tiny droplets of ink from the print head. The printer needs several colors of ink (cyan, yellow, magenta, and black) to make color images. Some photo-quality ink jet printers have more colors of ink.
35.INKJET PRINTER Inkjet printers are inexpensive, but the cost of consumables (ink cartridges and special paper) make them costly to operate in the long run for many purposes. An inkjet printer uses a liquid ink that's sprayed through a print head onto a piece of paper.
36.LASER PRINTER Laser printers use heat technology and specialized powder called toner. A laser printer produces good-quality images by the same technology that photocopiers use. A drum coated with photosensitive material is charged, then an image is written onto it by a laser (or LEDs), which makes those areas lose the charge. Most laser printers are monochrome (one color only, usually black), but faster than inkjet printers
37.PLOTTERS The plotter is a computer printer for printing vector graphics. Plotters are quite large when compared to a traditional printer and are also much more expensive than the traditional printers. Plotters are used to print designs of ships and machines, plans for buildings, and so on. Instead of toner, plotters use a pen, pencil, marker, or another writing tool to draw multiple, continuous lines onto paper rather than a series of dots like a traditional printer.
38.3D PRINTER Unlike of the common printers, 3D printers can be very expensive. On a 3D printer, the object is printed in three dimensions. A 3D model is built up layer by layer.
39.OTHER PRINTERS A multi-function printer is not only operated as a computer printer, but it also include the hardware needed to be a scanner, photocopier, and FAX machine.
40.6.8 IMAPCT PRINTERS These printers have a mechanism that touches the paper in order to create an image. Printer technology has advanced greatly over the past few decades. Impact printers operate by having an element strike the paper. A dot matrix impact printer is the most common type still sold today.
41.DOT MATRIX The dot matrix is an older printer, which was first introduced by Centronics in 1970. This printer operates using dots to form an image. In a dot matrix image, the image quality is determined by the number of dots per inch. Dot matrix printers have largely been replaced by cheaper, quieter, and faster nonimpact printers such as inkjet printers and laser printers, which also produce output of far better quality (resolution).
42.6.9 WHAT IS SOUND Sound is a type of energy made by vibrations. Computers also produce sound output, ranging from simple beeps alerting the user, to impressive game sound effects, to concert quality music. The circuitry to produce sound may be included on the motherboard, but high-quality audio output from a PC usually requires a sound card in one of the expansion slots, connected to a set of good-quality external speakers or headphones.

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