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lancelot

2021-9-26 published at Business&Finance category

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1.IPS-15-3 EuropePushing the Thermal Limit of HMX Perforating Systems in Through-Tubing Gas Wells Dominic Wong Regional TCP Manager – ESSA May 20, 2015
2.Introduction Through-tubing perforating systems based on HMX explosive are commonly deployed for gas well perforating Important to consider jobs above 360 F at depths around 15,000 ft Large body of operational data shows a typical transit time to be 1.0 hr, with another 0.5 hr for tie-in time and shooting. Total time of 1.5 hr is nearing the HMX thermal limit.
3.Background
4.Goal of this test program Determine the thermal delay inside the perforating gun. Conduct tests to take advantage of the delay so that the thermal limit of the HMX charges can be “pushed” as much as possible before requiring a switch to HNS. Determine the performance of the HMX charges as a function of temperature. This phase concentrated on charge performance in aluminum targets. Follow-on phases are underway for HMX detonators and detonating cord, as well as HMX charge performance in stressed rock.
5.Experimental Setup for Simulated Gas Well First step was to measure thermal delay inside 2-in OD x 7 ft length gun Eleven thermocouples positioned at various locations Linear heating ramp programmed to match 1:00 hr transit time
6.Setup inside oven Thermocouple Thermocouple
7.Full set of temperature curves Thermal delay inside gun at 1.5 hr
8.Thermal delay at center charge vs gas well temperature
9.Shooting fixture Detonator Section Charge Section Target Section Target Stack
10.Two-step heating method used to thermally equate shooting fixture with actual gun system Necessary due to thermal difference between mass of shooting fixture and mass of gun Fixture was necessarily large for safety reasons when pushing the limit of HMX (which is also beyond the delta phase transition temperature)
11.Simulated Gas Well With Perforating Gun Well temp profile Transit time 1:05 hr Shooting time 0:30 hr later 380 F Charge temp profile A B - 1 -
12.Simulated Gas Well With Perforating Gun Well temp profile Transit time 1:05 hr Shooting time 0:30 hr later 380 F Charge temp profile A B 1 2 - 2 -
13.Well temp profile Transit time 1:05 hr Shooting time 0:30 hr later 380 F Charge temp profile Oven temp Charge temp A B C D 1 2 Simulated Gas Well With Perforating Gun Shooting Fixture Inside Oven - 3 -
14.Well temp profile Transit time 1:05 hr Shooting time 0:30 hr later 380 F Charge temp profile Oven temp Charge temp 368 F A B C D 4 1 2 3 Simulated Gas Well With Perforating Gun Shooting Fixture Inside Oven - 4 -
15.Well temp profile Transit time 1:05 hr Shooting time 0:30 hr later 380 F Charge temp profile Oven temp Charge temp 368 F A B C D 4 1 2 3 Simulated Gas Well With Perforating Gun Shooting Fixture Inside Oven 0.002% decomposition - 5 -
16.Well temp profile Transit time 1:05 hr Shooting time 0:30 hr later 380 F Charge temp profile Oven temp Charge temp 368 F A B C D 4 1 2 3 Simulated Gas Well With Perforating Gun Shooting Fixture Inside Oven 0.010% decomposition - 6 -
17.Results Low-order firing
18.Conclusions For all simulated BHTs, there was a thermal delay in the interior of the gun At the 1:30 hr exposure, the temperature of the center charge was still cooler than BHT by 12-25 F By 2:00 hr, however, the entire gun had essentially reached thermal equilibrium with the BHT The HMX limit for the gun can be pushed, however, this advantage must be taken within the 1:30 hr timeframe At the 1:30 hr time, the upper limit for charge all-fire was 420 F BHT Important to note that the results from this test program are applicable to gas wells only The heat transfer characteristics of oil wells will be different, thereby giving different thermal delays and correspondingly different charge response
19.Thank You / Questions

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