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History of Oceanography, challenger_ Micronesian - Polynesian colonization of Pacific Ocean Islands

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colby

2021-9-26 published at Celebrities category

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1.History of Oceanography http://www.oceansonline.com/challenger_ex.htm
2.Micronesian - Polynesian colonization of Pacific Ocean Islands 5000 – 1000 BP Micronesian & Polynesian colonized Pacific Islands Advanced Open Ocean Navigation Double Hull Canoes
3.http://www.monash.edu.au/APJCN/Vol4/Num4/44p361.htm
4.
5.Hurles et al 2003
6.Polynesian Colonization http://leahi.kcc.hawaii.edu/org/pvs/
7.Polynesian Sidereal Compass http://www.museum.upenn.edu/Navigation/sailing/
8.Polynesian Sidereal Compass http://www.museum.upenn.edu/Navigation/sailing/
9.Example Navigation Leg http://www.museum.upenn.edu/Navigation/sailing/
10.Early Ocean MappingPolynesians
11.
12.Mediterranean Cultures 6000 BP Egyptians boats with oars 3100-2850 BP Phoenicians travel through Mediterranean & up to England Mediterranean wide maritime trade Coastal settlements Coastal navigation
13.Phoenician Ships http://www.barca.fsnet.co.uk/phoenecian-ships.htm
14.http://go.hrw.com/venus_images/0298MC02.gif
15.http://www.mauigateway.com/~donjusko/final.htg/murexbrandaris_trunculus.jpg http://www.loretonh.nsw.edu.au/religion
16.Mediterranean Cultures 6000 BP Egyptians boats with oars 3100-2850 BP Phoenicians travel through Mediterranean & up to England Mediterranean wide maritime trade Coastal settlements Coastal navigation Greek and Roman Civilizations
17.http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/~cannon/medports/Gibraltar/roll_cloud.html
18.
19.
20.Middle Ages Chinese Invent Magnetic Compass Vikings and Basque Travel to N. America Arabs cross navigate Indian Ocean Christopher Columbus “Discovers” America Juan Sebastian Elcano – First Round the World voyage (24 of 260 sailors) James Cook’s Voyages (chronometer)
21.
22.
23.Chronometer for Longitude
24.Lemons for Scurvey
25.
26.Benjamin Franklin & Timothy Folger (1769)
27.
28.Voyage of the HMS Beagle 1831-1836
29.Evolution of Coral Reefs Fringe reefs Barrier reefs Atolls
30.Edward Forbes (1840’s) Bottom Dredging in E. Mediterranean 8 Depth zones, based on different organisms AZOIC Zone below 600m Azoic Theory Too cold, too dark, no oxygen No Life
31.Challenger Expedition(1872 – 1876) HMS Challenger 226’ fixed rig Corvette 230 crewmembers; 7 Scientists 125000 km Objectives Map Ocean’s bottom Investigate the Azoic Zone Search for ‘Primitive Organisms’ (stable environment) Study Bathybeus haecklii (Huxley); “primordial slime”
32.HMS Challenger
33.HMS CHALLENGER 1872 – 1876
34.
35.
36.Challenger Expedition(1872 – 1876) Scientific Results - 50 Volumes (23 Years) Extensive Bathymetric Maps No Azoic zone Found temperature variability in deep waters (not all 4 oC) No Evidence of “primitive fauna” Description of 4717 new species Bathybeus haecklii = Alcohol precipitate of carbon sulphate Discovery Mid-Atlantic Ridge and Marianas Trench
37.SIO
38.WHOI
39.Ocean Resources
40.
41.
42.
43.http://www.greenet.pl/piosta/gal/bona_2_star.jpg
44.http://www.news.navy.mil/management/photodb/photos/030110-N-9851B-082.jpg
45.http://www.news.navy.mil/management/photodb/photos/960916-V-0000B-009.jpg
46.
47.http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/
48.Ocean Resources Fisheries Transportation & Trade Military Use Offshore Oil, Gas & Minerals Recreation & Aesthetics
49.Law of the Sea Treaty - 1973 Territorial Seas - 12 nm Procedures for Ocean boundaries Right of Free Passage through Straits Exclusive Economic Zones 200 nm Can extend out to 350nm Jurisdiction over: Fisheries Pollution Scientific Research Mineral Resources
50.www.whoi.edu
51.South China Territorial Claims
52.
53.www.bbc.co.uk/
54.Production ( million tonnes) 50 100 1800 1840 1880 1920 1960 2000 Year EEZs Claims Global Trend in Fishery Landings
55.Fishery induced changes in world fish composition
56.Greenhouse Effect

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