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Ch2 - Animal Ecology, Word of the Day - Sapient, The Hierarchy of Ecology

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wanda

2021-9-25 published at Science&Technology category

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1.Animal Ecology Word of the Day - Sapient
2.The Hierarchy of Ecology Organisms/Species Communities Populations Physical Environment Ecosystem Biosphere Biomes
3.Ecological Niche vs Habitat Fundamental Niche Realized Niche Moisture Temperature Fundamental Niche Realized Niche
4.Population Ecology Population vs Deme Population Characteristics Differ among demes Age structure Sex ratio Growth rate Influenced by Life History Characteristics
5.Life History Characteristics Age of first reproduction Number of offspring per litter Number of litters per lifetime Mode of reproduction Survivorship Other Characteristics
6.Type I (humans) Type II (hydra,songbirds) Type III (oysters) birth max. life span % survival Survivorship Curves
7.Population Growth death rate (d) growth rate (r) birth rate (b) r = b - d  Intrinsic rate of increase
8.Exponential Growth Arithmetic Growth Exponential Growth
9.Exponential Growth
10.Carrying Capacity time # r = 0.14 r = 0.12 r = 0.10 K
11.Carrying Capacity time # r1 = 0.14 r2 = 0.12 r3 = 0.10 K1 K3 K2
12.Logistic Growth time # r = 0.10 K3 r = 0.14 K1 r = 0.12 K2
13.Extrinsic Limits to Growth Density Dependent Factors 1. Competition Intraspecific Interspecific Predation Parasitism 4. Disease
14.Density Independent Factors Abiotic factors Unpredictable, catastrophic events Extrinsic Limits to Growth
15.Community Ecology Community = association of different populations of organisms Resource = anything in the ecosystem that a particular species requires Species Diversity = the number of species that share a habitat
16.Species Interactions Symbiosis Mutualism Obligate mutualism Facultative mutualism
17.Species Interactions Symbiosis Commensalism
18.Species Interactions Symbiosis Parasitism Ectoparasites Endoparasites
19.Species Interactions Symbiosis Predation & Herbivory
20.Species Interactions Competition Intraspecific Competition Interspecific Competition  LIMITING RESOURCES  Asymmetric Competition
21.Species Interactions Species 1 Temperature Low High Low High Moisture Species 2 Overlap
22.Resource Partitioning
23.Resource Partitioning Character Displacement
24.Defense against herbivores Chemical Defenses Predation
25.Defense against herbivores Physical Defenses Predation
26.Defense against carnivores Warning Coloration Predation Aposematic Coloration
27.Defense against carnivores Camouflage Predation
28.Defense against carnivores Startle Predation
29.Defense against carnivores Mimicry Predation Müllerian Mimicry Batesian Mimicry
30.Keystone Species Indirect Interactions
31.Energy Flow in Ecosystems Imported organic matter exported organic matter Herbivores Carnivores Detritivores Autotrophs (producers) Heterotrophs (consumers) Net primary productivity Nutrient cycle Nutrient cycle From global cycles To global cycles respiration respiration heat heat Energy source
32.Energy Flow in Ecosystems
33.Trophic Pyramids

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